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The aim of the conference was to present the various models of recognition of foreign documents and decisions of foreign courts. The researchers addressed the issues arising from domestic law and the rules of international and EU law in this regard. They presented the models of recognition of foreign documents existing in domestic law and applied in Central European countries. The presentations had both a theoretical and practical dimension.

This conference took a comparative look at international and European Union law as instruments through which state sovereignty has been shaped, restricted, and in some cases even abolished within existing legal and political systems.
In light of advancing globalization and deepening legal integration, the event examined the growing tension between the autonomy of national constitutional systems and the impact of supranational legal norms. International and EU law have traditionally been created to promote peace, cooperation, human rights, and the rule of law. At the same time, their overwhelming influence has raised questions about the impact of external actors, democratic legitimacy, and the erosion of constitutionally defined self-determination.

Legal heritage (“Civil Code and Commercial Code: Dualism vs. Monism in Private Law – A Historical Perspective”): The aim of the international comparative law conference was to examine the differences between dualism and monism in private law, with particular regard to the 150th anniversary of the Hungarian Commercial Code (1875).

The conference “Civil and Commercial Codes: Dualism vs Monism in Private Law – A Historical Perspective”, marking the 150th Anniversary of the Hungarian Commercial Act (1875–2025), brings together leading scholars to examine the historical evolution and contemporary relevance of dualist and monist approaches in private law. Through comparative perspectives spanning multiple European jurisdictions, the programme explores the interaction between civil and commercial law, addressing both doctrinal foundations and modern regulatory challenges. The event provides a platform for in-depth academic dialogue on codification traditions, judicial practice, and the future development of private law systems in Europe.

This year’s JAEL conference focused on environmental liability, examined through a wide range of legal perspectives – from the role of constitutional rights and the state’s environmental obligations to civil liability and compensation for environmental damage, the development and implementation of administrative measures, as well as the investigation, prosecution, and adjudication of environmental crimes. The conference brought together more than 40 participants from the Visegrad countries (Czechia, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia), including leading scholars, judges, prosecutors, and public officials.

The conference, which the Central European Academy traditionally organized for the fourth time, was held with the aim of bringing together the region’s outstanding young researchers. The event provided a platform for the next generation of legal scholars, giving them the opportunity to discuss the most pressing legal issues affecting the region. Through the exchange of ideas, innovative regulatory solutions, and the sharing of best practices, the conference aimed to deepen cooperation between neighboring countries and contribute to the development of a common Central European approach to addressing these challenges.

The “II Polish-Hungarian Scientific Forum” presented the results of the comprehensive research carried out in the framework of the Polish-Hungarian Research Platform. The event focused on detailed findings and conclusions and provided an in-depth insight into the topics discussed at the first forum.

The conference “Equality in an Ever-Integrating Europe in Specific Terms” aimed to address the nuanced and practical challenges of maintaining equality between EU Member States in the context of deepening European integration. As the European Union strives to build a closer union that respects the diversity of its members, there are ongoing debates about how this equality should be manifested in specific terms. This event focused on real-life examples where the principle of equality can be put to the test in the way the EU works. Topics such as judicial cooperation, intergenerational equality and the interpretation of EU law by national courts were examined in detail. The presentations will also address pressing issues such as sovereignty and equality in the context of migration, tax policies and external relations, looking more closely at how these policies affect mutual cooperation.